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ARP(8) Linux Programmer's Manual ARP(8)
NAME
arp - manipulate the system ARP cache
SYNOPSIS
arp [-evn] [-H type] [-i if] -a [hostname]
arp [-v] [-i if] -d hostname [pub]
arp [-v] [-H type] [-i if] -s hostname hw_addr [temp]
arp [-v] [-H type] [-i if] -s hostname hw_addr [netmask nm] pub
arp [-v] [-H type] [-i if] -Ds hostname ifa [netmask nm] pub
arp [-vnD] [-H type] [-i if] -f [filename]
DESCRIPTION
Arp manipulates the kernel's ARP cache in various ways. The primary options are
clearing an address mapping entry and manually setting up one. For debugging pur-
poses, the arp program also allows a complete dump of the ARP cache.
OPTIONS
-v, --verbose
Tell the user what is going on by being verbose.
-n, --numeric
shows numerical addresses instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port
or user names.
-H type, --hw-type type, -t type
When setting or reading the ARP cache, this optional parameter tells arp
which class of entries it should check for. The default value of this
parameter is ether (i.e. hardware code 0x01 for IEEE 802.3 10Mbps Ethernet).
Other values might include network technologies such as ARCnet (arcnet) ,
PROnet (pronet) , AX.25 (ax25) and NET/ROM (netrom).
-a [hostname], --display [hostname]
Shows the entries of the specified hosts. If the hostname parameter is not
used, all entries will be displayed. The entries will be displayed in
alternate (BSD) style.
-d hostname, --delete hostname
Remove any entry for the specified host. This can be used if the indicated
host is brought down, for example.
-D, --use-device
Use the interface ifa's hardware address.
-e Shows the entries in default (Linux) style.
-i If, --device If
Select an interface. When dumping the ARP cache only entries matching the
specified interface will be printed. When setting a permanent or temp ARP
entry this interface will be associated with the entry; if this option is
not used, the kernel will guess based on the routing table. For pub entries
the specified interface is the interface on which ARP requests will be
answered.
NOTE: This has to be different from the interface to which the IP datagrams
will be routed.
-s hostname hw_addr, --set hostname
Manually create an ARP address mapping entry for host hostname with hardware
address set to hw_addr class, but for most classes one can assume that the
usual presentation can be used. For the Ethernet class, this is 6 bytes in
hexadecimal, separated by colons. When adding proxy arp entries (that is
those with the publish flag set a netmask may be specified to proxy arp for
entire subnets. This is not good practice, but is supported by older kernels
because it can be useful. If the temp flag is not supplied entries will be
permanent stored into the ARP cache.
NOTE: As of kernel 2.2.0 it is no longer possible to set an ARP entry for an
entire subnet. Linux instead does automagic proxy arp when a route exists
and it is forwarding. See arp(7) for details.
-f filename, --file filename
Similar to the -s option, only this time the address info is taken from file
filename set up. The name of the data file is very often /etc/ethers, but
this is not official. If no filename is specified /etc/ethers is used as
default.
The format of the file is simple; it only contains ASCII text lines with a
hardware address and a hostname separated by whitespace. Additionally the
pub, temp and netmask flags can be used.
In all places where a hostname is expected, one can also enter an IP address in
dotted-decimal notation.
As a special case for compatibility the order of the hostname and the hardware
address can be exchanged.
Each complete entry in the ARP cache will be marked with the C flag. Permanent
entries are marked with M and published entries have the P flag.
FILES
/proc/net/arp,
/etc/networks
/etc/hosts
/etc/ethers
SEE ALSO
rarp(8), route(8), ifconfig(8), netstat(8)
AUTHORS
Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje AT uwalt.org> with a lot of improvements from
net-tools Maintainer Bernd Eckenfels <net-tools AT lina.de>.
net-tools 5 Jan 1999 ARP(8)
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