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IOCTL(2) Linux Programmer's Manual IOCTL(2)
NAME
ioctl - control device
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
int ioctl(int d, int request, ...);
DESCRIPTION
The ioctl() function manipulates the underlying device parameters of special files.
In particular, many operating characteristics of character special files (e.g. ter-
minals) may be controlled with ioctl() requests. The argument d must be an open
file descriptor.
The second argument is a device-dependent request code. The third argument is an
untyped pointer to memory. It's traditionally char *argp (from the days before
void * was valid C), and will be so named for this discussion.
An ioctl() request has encoded in it whether the argument is an in parameter or out
parameter, and the size of the argument argp in bytes. Macros and defines used in
specifying an ioctl() request are located in the file <sys/ioctl.h>.
RETURN VALUE
Usually, on success zero is returned. A few ioctl() requests use the return value
as an output parameter and return a nonnegative value on success. On error, -1 is
returned, and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
EBADF d is not a valid descriptor.
EFAULT argp references an inaccessible memory area.
EINVAL Request or argp is not valid.
ENOTTY d is not associated with a character special device.
ENOTTY The specified request does not apply to the kind of object that the descrip-
tor d references.
NOTE
In order to use this call, one needs an open file descriptor. Often the open(2)
call has unwanted side effects, that can be avoided under Linux by giving it the
O_NONBLOCK flag.
CONFORMING TO
No single standard. Arguments, returns, and semantics of ioctl(2) vary according
to the device driver in question (the call is used as a catch-all for operations
that don't cleanly fit the Unix stream I/O model). See ioctl_list(2) for a list of
many of the known ioctl() calls. The ioctl() function call appeared in Version 7
AT&T Unix.
SEE ALSO
execve(2), fcntl(2), ioctl_list(2), open(2), mt(4), sd(4), tty(4)
BSD Man Page 2000-09-21 IOCTL(2)
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