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RENAME(2) Linux Programmer's Manual RENAME(2)
NAME
rename - change the name or location of a file
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h>
int rename(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
DESCRIPTION
rename() renames a file, moving it between directories if required.
Any other hard links to the file (as created using link(2)) are unaffected.
If newpath already exists it will be atomically replaced (subject to a few condi-
tions; see ERRORS below), so that there is no point at which another process
attempting to access newpath will find it missing.
If newpath exists but the operation fails for some reason rename() guarantees to
leave an instance of newpath in place.
However, when overwriting there will probably be a window in which both oldpath and
newpath refer to the file being renamed.
If oldpath refers to a symbolic link the link is renamed; if newpath refers to a
symbolic link the link will be overwritten.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropri-
ately.
ERRORS
EACCES Write permission is denied for the directory containing oldpath or newpath,
or, search permission is denied for one of the directories in the path pre-
fix of oldpath or newpath, or oldpath is a directory and does not allow
write permission (needed to update the .. entry). (See also path_resolu-
tion(2).)
EBUSY The rename fails because oldpath or newpath is a directory that is in use by
some process (perhaps as current working directory, or as root directory, or
because it was open for reading) or is in use by the system (for example as
mount point), while the system considers this an error. (Note that there is
no requirement to return EBUSY in such cases -- there is nothing wrong with
doing the rename anyway -- but it is allowed to return EBUSY if the system
cannot otherwise handle such situations.)
EFAULT oldpath or newpath points outside your accessible address space.
EINVAL The new pathname contained a path prefix of the old, or, more generally, an
attempt was made to make a directory a subdirectory of itself.
EISDIR newpath is an existing directory, but oldpath is not a directory.
ELOOP Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving oldpath or newpath.
EMLINK oldpath already has the maximum number of links to it, or it was a directory
and the directory containing newpath has the maximum number of links.
ENAMETOOLONG
oldpath or newpath was too long.
ENOENT A directory component in oldpath or newpath does not exist or is a dan-
gling symbolic link.
ENOMEM Insufficient kernel memory was available.
ENOSPC The device containing the file has no room for the new directory entry.
ENOTDIR
A component used as a directory in oldpath or newpath is not, in fact, a
directory. Or, oldpath is a directory, and newpath exists but is not a
directory.
ENOTEMPTY or EEXIST
newpath is a non-empty directory, i.e., contains entries other than "." and
"..".
EPERM or EACCES
The directory containing oldpath has the sticky bit (S_ISVTX) set and the
process's effective user ID is neither the user ID of the file to be deleted
nor that of the directory containing it, and the process is not privileged
(Linux: does not have the CAP_FOWNER capability); or newpath is an existing
file and the directory containing it has the sticky bit set and the pro-
cess's effective user ID is neither the user ID of the file to be replaced
nor that of the directory containing it, and the process is not privileged
(Linux: does not have the CAP_FOWNER capability); or the filesystem contain-
ing pathname does not support renaming of the type requested.
EROFS The file is on a read-only filesystem.
EXDEV oldpath and newpath are not on the same mounted filesystem. (Linux permits
a filesystem to be mounted at multiple points, but rename(2) does not work
across different mount points, even if the same filesystem is mounted on
both.)
CONFORMING TO
4.3BSD, C89, POSIX.1-2001.
BUGS
On NFS filesystems, you can not assume that if the operation failed the file was
not renamed. If the server does the rename operation and then crashes, the
retransmitted RPC which will be processed when the server is up again causes a
failure. The application is expected to deal with this. See link(2) for a similar
problem.
SEE ALSO
mv(1), chmod(2), link(2), path_resolution(2), renameat(2), symlink(2), unlink(2)
Linux 2.0 1998-06-04 RENAME(2)
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