join(1) - phpMan

JOIN(1) User Commands JOIN(1)

NAME
join - join lines of two files on a common field

SYNOPSIS
join [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2

DESCRIPTION
For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to standard output.
The default join field is the first, delimited by whitespace. When FILE1 or FILE2 (not
both) is -, read standard input.

-a FILENUM
also print unpairable lines from file FILENUM, where FILENUM is 1 or 2, correspond-
ing to FILE1 or FILE2

-e EMPTY
replace missing input fields with EMPTY

-i, --ignore-case
ignore differences in case when comparing fields

-j FIELD
equivalent to '-1 FIELD -2 FIELD'

-o FORMAT
obey FORMAT while constructing output line

-t CHAR
use CHAR as input and output field separator

-v FILENUM
like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines

-1 FIELD
join on this FIELD of file 1

-2 FIELD
join on this FIELD of file 2

--check-order
check that the input is correctly sorted, even if all input lines are pairable

--nocheck-order
do not check that the input is correctly sorted

--header
treat the first line in each file as field headers, print them without trying to
pair them

-z, --zero-terminated
end lines with 0 byte, not newline

--help display this help and exit

--version
output version information and exit

Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored, else fields are
separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted from 1. FORMAT is one or more
comma or blank separated specifications, each being 'FILENUM.FIELD' or '0'. Default FOR-
MAT outputs the join field, the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from
FILE2, all separated by CHAR. If FORMAT is the keyword 'auto', then the first line of
each file determines the number of fields output for each line.

Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields. E.g., use "sort -k 1b,1" if
'join' has no options, or use "join -t ''" if 'sort' has no options. Note, comparisons
honor the rules specified by 'LC_COLLATE'. If the input is not sorted and some lines can-
not be joined, a warning message will be given.

GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report join transla-
tion bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

AUTHOR
Written by Mike Haertel.

COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or
later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY,
to the extent permitted by law.