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MODPROBE(8) modprobe MODPROBE(8)
NAME
modprobe - Add and remove modules from the Linux Kernel
SYNOPSIS
modprobe [-v] [-V] [-C config-file] [-n] [-i] [-q] [-b] [modulename]
[module parameters...]
modprobe [-r] [-v] [-n] [-i] [modulename...]
modprobe [-c]
modprobe [--dump-modversions] [filename]
DESCRIPTION
modprobe intelligently adds or removes a module from the Linux kernel: note that for
convenience, there is no difference between _ and - in module names (automatic underscore
conversion is performed). modprobe looks in the module directory /lib/modules/`uname -r`
for all the modules and other files, except for the optional configuration files in the
/etc/modprobe.d directory (see modprobe.d(5)). modprobe will also use module options
specified on the kernel command line in the form of <module>.<option> and blacklists in
the form of modprobe.blacklist=<module>.
Note that unlike in 2.4 series Linux kernels (which are not supported by this tool) this
version of modprobe does not do anything to the module itself: the work of resolving
symbols and understanding parameters is done inside the kernel. So module failure is
sometimes accompanied by a kernel message: see dmesg(8).
modprobe expects an up-to-date modules.dep.bin file as generated by the corresponding
depmod utility shipped along with modprobe (see depmod(8)). This file lists what other
modules each module needs (if any), and modprobe uses this to add or remove these
dependencies automatically.
If any arguments are given after the modulename, they are passed to the kernel (in
addition to any options listed in the configuration file).
OPTIONS
-a, --all
Insert all module names on the command line.
-b, --use-blacklist
This option causes modprobe to apply the blacklist commands in the configuration files
(if any) to module names as well. It is usually used by udev(7).
-C, --config
This option overrides the default configuration directory (/etc/modprobe.d).
This option is passed through install or remove commands to other modprobe commands in
the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.
-c, --showconfig
Dump out the effective configuration from the config directory and exit.
--dump-modversions
Print out a list of module versioning information required by a module. This option is
commonly used by distributions in order to package up a Linux kernel module using
module versioning deps.
-d, --dirname
Root directory for modules, / by default.
--first-time
Normally, modprobe will succeed (and do nothing) if told to insert a module which is
already present or to remove a module which isn't present. This is ideal for simple
scripts; however, more complicated scripts often want to know whether modprobe really
did something: this option makes modprobe fail in the case that it actually didn't do
anything.
--force-vermagic
Every module contains a small string containing important information, such as the
kernel and compiler versions. If a module fails to load and the kernel complains that
the "version magic" doesn't match, you can use this option to remove it. Naturally,
this check is there for your protection, so this using option is dangerous unless you
know what you're doing.
This applies to any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on the command line
and any modules on which it depends.
--force-modversion
When modules are compiled with CONFIG_MODVERSIONS set, a section detailing the
versions of every interfaced used by (or supplied by) the module is created. If a
module fails to load and the kernel complains that the module disagrees about a
version of some interface, you can use "--force-modversion" to remove the version
information altogether. Naturally, this check is there for your protection, so using
this option is dangerous unless you know what you're doing.
This applies any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on the command line and
any modules on which it depends.
-f, --force
Try to strip any versioning information from the module which might otherwise stop it
from loading: this is the same as using both --force-vermagic and --force-modversion.
Naturally, these checks are there for your protection, so using this option is
dangerous unless you know what you are doing.
This applies to any modules inserted: both the module (or alias) on the command line
and any modules it on which it depends.
-i, --ignore-install, --ignore-remove
This option causes modprobe to ignore install and remove commands in the configuration
file (if any) for the module specified on the command line (any dependent modules are
still subject to commands set for them in the configuration file). Both install and
remove commands will currently be ignored when this option is used regardless of
whether the request was more specifically made with only one or other (and not both)
of --ignore-install or --ignore-remove. See modprobe.d(5).
-n, --dry-run, --show
This option does everything but actually insert or delete the modules (or run the
install or remove commands). Combined with -v, it is useful for debugging problems.
For historical reasons both --dry-run and --show actually mean the same thing and are
interchangeable.
-q, --quiet
With this flag, modprobe won't print an error message if you try to remove or insert a
module it can't find (and isn't an alias or install/remove command). However, it will
still return with a non-zero exit status. The kernel uses this to opportunistically
probe for modules which might exist using request_module.
-R, --resolve-alias
Print all module names matching an alias. This can be useful for debugging module
alias problems.
-r, --remove
This option causes modprobe to remove rather than insert a module. If the modules it
depends on are also unused, modprobe will try to remove them too. Unlike insertion,
more than one module can be specified on the command line (it does not make sense to
specify module parameters when removing modules).
There is usually no reason to remove modules, but some buggy modules require it. Your
distribution kernel may not have been built to support removal of modules at all.
-S, --set-version
Set the kernel version, rather than using uname(2) to decide on the kernel version
(which dictates where to find the modules).
--show-depends
List the dependencies of a module (or alias), including the module itself. This
produces a (possibly empty) set of module filenames, one per line, each starting with
"insmod" and is typically used by distributions to determine which modules to include
when generating initrd/initramfs images. Install commands which apply are shown
prefixed by "install". It does not run any of the install commands. Note that
modinfo(8) can be used to extract dependencies of a module from the module itself, but
knows nothing of aliases or install commands.
-s, --syslog
This option causes any error messages to go through the syslog mechanism (as
LOG_DAEMON with level LOG_NOTICE) rather than to standard error. This is also
automatically enabled when stderr is unavailable.
This option is passed through install or remove commands to other modprobe commands in
the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.
-V, --version
Show version of program and exit.
-v, --verbose
Print messages about what the program is doing. Usually modprobe only prints messages
if something goes wrong.
This option is passed through install or remove commands to other modprobe commands in
the MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable.
ENVIRONMENT
The MODPROBE_OPTIONS environment variable can also be used to pass arguments to modprobe.
COPYRIGHT
This manual page originally Copyright 2002, Rusty Russell, IBM Corporation. Maintained by
Jon Masters and others.
SEE ALSO
modprobe.d(5), insmod(8), rmmod(8), lsmod(8), modinfo(8)
AUTHORS
Jon Masters <jcm AT jonmasters.org>
Developer
Robby Workman <rworkman AT slackware.com>
Developer
Lucas De Marchi <lucas.de.marchi AT gmail.com>
Developer
kmod 03/01/2015 MODPROBE(8)
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Under GNU General Public License
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